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1250-1350 Mongols Turks Indian Merchants EUROPE Flanders Champ. F. Italian Cities MIDDLE EAST North Steppes Middle Route Southern Route Crusades ASIA China SE Asia India Arab Merchants Italian Merchants Italian Merchants

1350-1450 Crisis in Europe Ottoman Empire Ming Dynasty

1450-1650 Europe Middle East Asia Transformation Econ. End of feudal relations, State Expansion Polit. Ottoman Empire Portug. Dutch in SEA

1450-1650-1750 Europe Middle East To America Africa, Asia -Ottoman Empire Qing Strong State Mercantilism Mughal Asia Ming to Portug, Dutch in SEA

1750-1850 Europe Middle East Industrial Revolution (Cotton, Iron) Political Revolutions (French, Napoleon, 1848) -Serbia, Greece The Enlightenment Asia -Integration into World Markets -Reforms -British in India -Opium Wars in China -- -Egypt

1850-1875 Europe/US Mid-Vic Italian Boom Unif’n Unif’n Civil of the War (US) World Market German (Free trade) Unif’n Mid-East Crimean War Asia -Sepoy Indebtedness -Opium War II -Taiping -Meiji

1875-1896 (Crisis) Europe/Am. Great Depression Migration Protectionism Growing size of firms Imperialism Anti Foreign Mid-East -Loss of territory -Foreign Control -Colonization of Egypt Anti Foreign Asia -Growth of Japan -Opening of China -Indian Natl’sm Anti Foreign

1876-1914 (La Belle Époque) Europe/Am Middle East Asia Econ. Growth Dom. Tensions Int’l Tensions Nat’lst Rivalries Econ. Growth Dom. Tensions Int’l Tensions Nat’lst Rivalries Econ. Growth Dom. Tensions Int’l Tensions Nat’lst Rivalries Anti Foreign Soc Revn’s Anti Foreign Const’l Monarch. Anti Foreign Nationalism WAR WAR WAR